Pneumonia is one of the diseases IPD (Invasive Pneumococcal Desease), which is the term for a series of diseases consisting of inflammation of the lungs (pneumonia), inflammation of the lining of the brain (meningitis), blood infection (bacteremia) and sepsis (blood infection continuation).
Similar to pneumonia, other diseases IPD also caused by the bacterium S. pneumoniae. IPD can affect anyone, but the most vulnerable groups are infants and children under age 2 years, because their immune systems are not perfect. Symptoms and risk of IPD diseases other than pneumonia (pneumonia) are:
* Inflammation of the lining of the brain (meningitis). The symptoms of high fever, convulsions, anxiety, lethargy, vomiting, mkuntah, headache, impaired consciousness to coma. In the weight scale, a deadly disease meningitis. Patients who managed to recover most likely suffered paralysis, hearing loss, speech disturbances, reduced intelligence and epilepsy.
* Blood infection (bacteremia). Symptoms of fever and inflammation. Bacteremia occurs if the bacterium S. pneumoniae into the bloodstream and cause infection. Bacteremia can also be transmitted to the brain and cause meningitis.
* Sepsis. The symptoms of fever or hypothermia (decreased body temperature), chills, warm skin, skin rash, decreased heart rate, organ malfunction, decreased urine production, delirious or confused. Sepsis occurs when a bacterial infection caused perdarangan throughout the body. The disease can end in death.
In the past, the IPD can be treated with high doses of antibotika. But today, many bacteria S. pneumoniae was resistant to multiple antibiotics, making treatment more difficult.
Fortunately there are vaccines. How to protect your baby from IPD is to give pneumococcal vaccination, particularly for infants and children under the age of 2 years. Schedule of administration are:
* Age under 6 months: 4 doses given, ie at the age of 2 months, 4 months, 6 months and booster at age 12-15 months.
* Age 7-11 months: 3 doses given, the first 2 doses at intervals of 4 weeks, a third dose given after age 12 months.
* Age 12-23 months: enough to be given 2 doses, at intervals of 2 months.
* Ages 2 years and over: 1 dose given enough.
Specific pneumococcal vaccine for infants and children consisting of 7 serotypes of S. pneumoniae as the cause of 80% of IPD in infants and children under age 2 who have immature immune. Antibodies formed after complete vaccination can survive long term, because this vaccine can stimulate the formation of memory cells in the body of a child.
Clinical studies in Northern California, USA, in 2003, showed that vaccine efficacy pneumococus have a level of 99% effective in preventing IPD in infants who were fully immunized (4 doses), and 89% effective in preventing all cases of IPD in children who have received one-time or more doses of vaccine. The same study shows the number of infant patients with IPD decreased 78% after being given a pneumococcal vaccination as infants aged under 2 years old.
That is why, this vaccine has become mandatory vaccines in the U.S., Australia, Europe and Mexico, and has been launched in several Asian countries including Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Malaysia, Philippines, Pakistan, India, Thailand and Indonesia.
Even though Indonesia's IPD vaccination is still the recommended vaccination, consult your pediatrician about the benefits and schedules of administration, according to your child's health condition. In some hospitals in Indonesia, this vaccine is given at a cost of Rp. 800 thousand to Rp. 1 million per one vaccination.
The general reaction caused by the pneumococcal vaccine, as were all kinds of vaccines. Based on clinical studies, the vaccine caused the reaction is mild fever, rush or redness of the skin and fussy babies.
The higher risk of developing the disease IPD when infants and toddlers:
* Aged less than 24 months.
* Custody in daycare (child care).
* Received antibiotics.
* Suffering chronic illness or low immunity, misaknya asthma, heart problems or receive cancer treatment.
* Exposure to cigarette smoke.
* Not getting breast milk.
Similar to pneumonia, other diseases IPD also caused by the bacterium S. pneumoniae. IPD can affect anyone, but the most vulnerable groups are infants and children under age 2 years, because their immune systems are not perfect. Symptoms and risk of IPD diseases other than pneumonia (pneumonia) are:
* Inflammation of the lining of the brain (meningitis). The symptoms of high fever, convulsions, anxiety, lethargy, vomiting, mkuntah, headache, impaired consciousness to coma. In the weight scale, a deadly disease meningitis. Patients who managed to recover most likely suffered paralysis, hearing loss, speech disturbances, reduced intelligence and epilepsy.
* Blood infection (bacteremia). Symptoms of fever and inflammation. Bacteremia occurs if the bacterium S. pneumoniae into the bloodstream and cause infection. Bacteremia can also be transmitted to the brain and cause meningitis.
* Sepsis. The symptoms of fever or hypothermia (decreased body temperature), chills, warm skin, skin rash, decreased heart rate, organ malfunction, decreased urine production, delirious or confused. Sepsis occurs when a bacterial infection caused perdarangan throughout the body. The disease can end in death.
In the past, the IPD can be treated with high doses of antibotika. But today, many bacteria S. pneumoniae was resistant to multiple antibiotics, making treatment more difficult.
Fortunately there are vaccines. How to protect your baby from IPD is to give pneumococcal vaccination, particularly for infants and children under the age of 2 years. Schedule of administration are:
* Age under 6 months: 4 doses given, ie at the age of 2 months, 4 months, 6 months and booster at age 12-15 months.
* Age 7-11 months: 3 doses given, the first 2 doses at intervals of 4 weeks, a third dose given after age 12 months.
* Age 12-23 months: enough to be given 2 doses, at intervals of 2 months.
* Ages 2 years and over: 1 dose given enough.
Specific pneumococcal vaccine for infants and children consisting of 7 serotypes of S. pneumoniae as the cause of 80% of IPD in infants and children under age 2 who have immature immune. Antibodies formed after complete vaccination can survive long term, because this vaccine can stimulate the formation of memory cells in the body of a child.
Clinical studies in Northern California, USA, in 2003, showed that vaccine efficacy pneumococus have a level of 99% effective in preventing IPD in infants who were fully immunized (4 doses), and 89% effective in preventing all cases of IPD in children who have received one-time or more doses of vaccine. The same study shows the number of infant patients with IPD decreased 78% after being given a pneumococcal vaccination as infants aged under 2 years old.
That is why, this vaccine has become mandatory vaccines in the U.S., Australia, Europe and Mexico, and has been launched in several Asian countries including Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Malaysia, Philippines, Pakistan, India, Thailand and Indonesia.
Even though Indonesia's IPD vaccination is still the recommended vaccination, consult your pediatrician about the benefits and schedules of administration, according to your child's health condition. In some hospitals in Indonesia, this vaccine is given at a cost of Rp. 800 thousand to Rp. 1 million per one vaccination.
The general reaction caused by the pneumococcal vaccine, as were all kinds of vaccines. Based on clinical studies, the vaccine caused the reaction is mild fever, rush or redness of the skin and fussy babies.
The higher risk of developing the disease IPD when infants and toddlers:
* Aged less than 24 months.
* Custody in daycare (child care).
* Received antibiotics.
* Suffering chronic illness or low immunity, misaknya asthma, heart problems or receive cancer treatment.
* Exposure to cigarette smoke.
* Not getting breast milk.
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